What does a Profit and Loss account show?

A Profit and Loss account, also known as an income statement, provides a detailed summary of a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, ultimately showing the net profit or loss for that period. The account includes critical components such as total sales or revenue, cost of goods sold, operational expenses, and other income and expenses, culminating in the calculation of net profit. It can also indicate retained earnings, which refer to the portion of net profit not distributed as dividends but retained for reinvestment in the business.

This comprehensive view enables stakeholders to assess the company's financial performance and make informed decisions regarding investments, budgeting, and strategic planning. It plays a vital role in financial analysis, as it highlights the profitability and operational effectiveness of the business.